basics code and features of java

Features of Java Programming

a. Compiled and Interpreted
Java language combines both of these approaches thus making Java a two-stage system. This approach was never offered before, as any language before was either compiled or interpreted.
Firstly, Java compiler translates source code into bytecode instructions, bytecodes are not machine instructions.
Secondly, Java interpreter generates machine code that can directly execute by the machine that is running the Java program.
b. Independent and Portable
Java programs can easily move from one system to another, anywhere and anytime. Changes or any upgrade in the operating system, processors and system resources will not force any changes in Java programs.
Java programming ensures portability in two ways: firstly, Java compiler generates bytecode instructions that can implemente on any machine, and secondly, the size of the primitive data types are machine independent.
c. Object-oriented
Almost everything in Java language is an object, which makes it a true object-oriented language. All program code and data reside within objects and classes. Java comes with an extensive set of classes, arranged in packages, which are used in program inheritance.
d. Robust and Secure
Java language provides many safeguards to ensure reliable code. It has strict run-time checking for data types. It is designed as a garbage collected language, i.e., it captures series errors and eliminates any risk of crashing the system.
Java systems verify all the memory access and thus ensures that no virus is communicated with an applet.
e. Distributed
Java programming facilitates both, sharing of data and programs. Java applications can open and access remote objects on the Internet as easily as on any local system.
f. Simple, Small and Familiar
Java is a simplified version of C++, which is why it is familiar and yet different as it eliminates all the redundant and unreliable code. For example, Java does not use pointers, preprocessor header files, and many others. It also eliminates operator overloading and multiple inheritances in Java.
g. Multithreaded and Interactive
Multithreaded means handling different tasks simultaneously. Java language supports multithreaded programs, which means that we need not have to wait for one task to finish for another to start. This feature of Java programming greatly improves the interactive performance of graphical applications.
h. High Performance
Java programming performance is very impressive considering the fact that is an interpreted language, mainly because of the bytecodes. Java architecture is designed to reduce overheads.
i. Dynamic and Extensible
Java is a dynamic language, it is capable of dynamically linking in new class libraries, methods, and objects. It can also determine the type of class through query.
j. Ease of Development
Java 2 standard edition (J2SE) 5.0 supports features such as Generics, Enhanced for loop, autoboxing or unboxing, typesafe enums, varargs, static import and annotation. These java features make it easy for the Java programmer by shifting the responsibility of creating the reusable code to the compiler, and also the resulting code is free from bugs.
k. Scalability and Performance
J2SE 5.0 improves the startup time and reducing the amount of memory used in Java 2 runtime environment. Learn more features of Java.

a. C vs Java
The major difference between C vs Java Programming language is that Java is an Object Oriented language and has a mechanism to define classes and objects in java. The features of C which are not included in Java are:
• No unique statement keywords of C size and typedef.
• No data types such as struct and union.
• Java does not define the type modifier keywords such as auto, extern, register, signed and unsigned.
• No support for pointer type.
• Non-availability of preprocessor
• Java requires that the function with no argument must declare with empty parenthesis and with the void keyword.
b. Java vs C++
The main difference between c++ vs Java is that Java is a true Object-oriented language while C++ just adds an object-oriented extension to C. The increment operator in C++ indicates the same thing.
The list of features, below intentionally omit from Java language to make it better.
• No support for operator overloading.
• No template classes as in C++.
• A new feature called “interface” in Java programming and thus not supporting multiple inheritances.
• Java language does not support global variables.
• Java uses a finalize () function instead of the destructor function.
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