git tutorial | github tutorial | Crash Course For Beginners

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A short git and github tutorial for beginners| git & github Crash Course For Beginners
why git ? what is git?
Git is a free and open source distributed version control system(VCS).

Install git:

Linux(Debian, Ubuntu)
sudo apt-get install git
Linux(Fedora, CentOS)
sudo dnf install git-all
Mac
https://git-scm.com/download/mac
Windows
https://desktop.github.com/

configure git setting.
Query Git settings:
git config --list
git config --global --list

generally config global user.name and user.email:
git config --global user.name “your name"
git config --global user.email "your.email”


local git workflow:

Create a directory and enter the directory
Create a Git repository in the current directory: git init
Create new file or modify content of some file
Add change to Stage(Index): git add .
Commit staged changes to the repository ： git commit –m”comments”
See the current status of your repository: git status untracked, staged, committed
View commit history in the repository: git log
Viewing the changes of a commit: git show
Roll back to some submit : git reset

working with branchs:

git branch
git branch another
git checkout another
vim A.txt
#do some modify ,such as add a new line git add .
git commit - m"add a line:hwdong"
git check master
git branch -d another # error: The branch 'another' is not fully merged.

#now breate and checkout a new branch
git checkout -b another
vim A.txt
#do some modification git add .
git commit -m"add: hwdong"
git checkout master
git merge another
git branch -d branch #Deleted branch another (was 254366f).
git branch -D another #Deleted branch another (was b98579f).

#continue...:
git checkout -b branch
vim A.txt
# do some modification git add .
git commit -m"add: hwdong.net"
git checkout master
vim A.txt
#do some modification git add .
git commit -m"modified A"
git merge another #CONFLICT (content): Merge conflict in A.txt

working with github (Remote repositories)
# 1. git clone from github repository
git clone https://github.com/yourgithub name/your_repository
cd your_repository
ls

#2. do some work in local repository
touch A.txt
git status
git add .
git status
git commit - m"create A.txt"
git status

# 3. push your local repository to github remote repository branch
git push -u origin master
# or
git push

# 4. pull latest update from github
git pull

$ if you have a exiting local repository ,you can use "git remote add" to add github remote repository to your local repository:
git remote add origin https://github.com/user/repo.git

#to Verify new remote:
git remote -v

# do some work ,then
git push -u origin master