Python Programming: Lesson 71 (OLD, SEE DESCRIPTION)

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THIS VIDEO HAS BEEN REPLACED: https://youtu.be/jl06mJTVt2k

In the previous lesson (https://youtu.be/iG1GR_CcFPM), we talked about a concept called pass-by-value. Here, Python passes information using a copy of the value, rather than a literal reference to the variable itself. We review the 3 approaches we have for resolving this phenomenon:
1. use an instance variable
2. return a new value
3. use a list with one element

We also review hex(x), chr(x), and ord(x) in this video. The main goal is to review shorthand set notation, using a | b instead of a.union(b) and a & b instead of a.intersection(b) and a - b instead of a.difference(b)

If a is a regular set and b is a regular OR frozen set, then a|b and a&b and a-b return a regular set
If x is a frozen set and y is a regular OR frozen set, then x|y and x&y and x-y return a frozen set

Remember that the keys in a dictionary have to be immutable. You cannot use lists, sets, or dictionaries, but you could use tuples, frozen sets, or frozen dictionaries.

0:46 Overview of Inheritance and Callable Objects
5:41 Review of Pass by Value
11:34 Review of Hex Numbers in Python
13:55 Review of ASCII Character Encoding
15:07 Review of Concise Set Notation
17:04 Review of Immutable Keys for Dictionaries

In the next lesson (https://youtu.be/0Z6NWWh3KRs), we'll review concise set notation and immutable keys for dictionaries. We'll also go back and again review hex(x), chr(x), ord(x), zip(x,y), and the pass-by-value phenomenon. Finally, we'll remember to treat iter(x) as a generator.

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