Basic Python 9: Python Type Conversion and Type Casting

Python Type Conversion and Type Casting:
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Type Conversion:
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The process of converting the value of one data type (integer, string, float, etc.) to another data type is called type conversion.
1. Implicit Type Conversion
2. Explicit Type Conversion

Implicit Type Conversion:

Python automatically converts one data type to another data type. This process doesn't need any user involvement.
ex:
num_int = 123
num_flo = 1.23

num_new = num_int + num_flo

print("datatype of num_int:",type(num_int))
print("datatype of num_flo:",type(num_flo))

print("Value of num_new:",num_new)
print("datatype of num_new:",type(num_new))

output:

- We add two variables num_int and num_flo, storing the value in num_new.
- We will look at the data type of all three objects respectively.
- In the output, we can see the data type of num_int is an integer while the data type of num_flo is a float.
Also, we can see the num_new has a float data type because Python always converts smaller data types to larger data types to avoid the loss of data.

ex2:

num_int = 123
num_str = "456"

print("Data type of num_int:",type(num_int))
print("Data type of num_str:",type(num_str))

print(num_int+num_str)

we will get error we need to do Explicit Type Conversion

Explicit Type Conversion:
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Users convert the data type of an object to required data type. We use the predefined functions like int(), float(), str(), etc to perform explicit type conversion.
ex:
num_int = 123
num_str = "456"

print("Data type of num_int:",type(num_int))
print("Data type of num_str before Type Casting:",type(num_str))

num_str = int(num_str)
print("Data type of num_str after Type Casting:",type(num_str))

num_sum = num_int + num_str

print("Sum of num_int and num_str:",num_sum)
print("Data type of the sum:",type(num_sum))
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