Lec - 2 IoT Architecture , Node, Network , Sensor etc

The Components of an IoT Architecture.
Every IoT solution involves the same four components:
1- devices,
2- connectivity,
3- platform, and
4 - an application.

Some use cases may involve additional layers, but these four components represent the foundation of every IoT solution

IoT Nodes – Sensing and Controlling
The most numerous type of device in the IoT can be referred to as the node. These are all the exciting devices that are providing sensor data, or devices that are being controlled from the cloud. This means things like door locks, security sensors, temperature sensors, and more.

A computer network is mainly of four types:
LAN(Local Area Network)
PAN(Personal Area Network)
MAN(Metropolitan Area Network)
WAN(Wide Area Network)

Wi-Fi is a wireless networking technology that allows devices such as computers (laptops and desktops), mobile devices (smart phones and wearables), and other equipment (printers and video cameras) to interface with the Internet. ... Internet connectivity occurs through a wireless router.

Zigbee is a low-cost, low-power, wireless mesh network standard targeted at battery-powered devices in wireless control and monitoring applications. Zigbee delivers low-latency communication. Zigbee chips are typically integrated with radios and with microcontrollers.

Bluetooth
It is a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) technology and is used for exchanging data over smaller distances. This technology was invented by Ericson in 1994. It operates in the unlicensed, industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) band at 2.4 GHz to 2.485 GHz

Ethernet is the traditional technology for connecting devices in a wired local area network (LAN) or wide area network (WAN), enabling them to communicate with each other via a protocol -- a set of rules or common network language.

A gateway is a network node that forms a passage between two networks operating with different transmission protocols

A network switch is a device that operates at the Data Link layer of the OSI model—Layer 2. They can also operate at the network layer--Layer 3 where routing occurs. Switches are a common component of networks based on ethernet, Fibre Channel

A hub can also connect several devices together for the purpose of sharing resources, and the collection of devices attached to a hub is known as a LAN segment.