1.Java Identifiers.

Java is a programming language. It was first developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems, which is now a part of Oracle Corporation. It was released in 1995 as a part of Sun Microsystems' Java platform. The language has developed much of its syntax from C and C++. Java applications are usually compiled to bytecode (class file) that can run on any Java Virtual Machine (JVM). Java is currently one of the most popular programming languages being used. It has about 10 million users.Java and JavaScript are not the same thing; in fact, they are not even related. JavaScript is a scripting language which is used mainly inside of web browsers.

Java is commonly used to teach students how to program as a first language, yet is still also used by professionals.

Java requires that each variable be initialized. Some older languages such as C, allow variables to go uninitialized, which can cause random failures with mysterious bugs.

Java requires that each method that declares a return type, always return a value. This also prevents bugs.

Java comes with a large set of classes and methods, the Java API that can be used without having to develop as much code "from scratch".

Unlike C, Java primitive types, such as int, are always the same size in the number of bits which helps achieve cross-platform compatibility.

Java used to be thought of as being slower than C, but that's less important in recent years with computers being faster.
Java has exception-handling that requires a programmer to handle error-conditions such an Input/Output errors.

Code compiled on one Java platform can be run on other platforms that support Java without modification of either the source-code nor the byte-code. For example, this means that a person can make a Java program for a Windows computer and have it run a Linux computer or a Mac computer.

Java is considered as a strongly typed programming language. Thus all variables in the Java programming language ought to have a particular data type. This is either declared or inferred and the Java language only allows programs to run if they adhere to type constraints.If you present a numeric type with data that is not numeric, say textual content, then such declarations would violate Java’s type system. This gives Java the ability of type safety. Java checks if an expression or data is encountered with an incorrect type or none at all. It then automatically flags this occurrence as an error at compile time. Most type-related errors are caught by the Java compiler, hence making a program more secure and safe once compiled completely and successfully. Some languages (such as C) define an interpretation of such a statement and use that interpretation without any warning; others (such as PL/I) define a conversion for almost all such statements and perform the conversion to complete the assignment. Some type errors can still occur at runtime because Java supports a cast operation which is a way of changing the type of one expression to another. However, Java performs run time type checking when doing such casts, so an incorrect type cast will cause a runtime exception rather than succeeding silently and allowing data corruption.