Python decorating functions before call

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python decorators are a powerful feature that allows you to modify or enhance the behavior of functions or methods before they are executed. decorators are widely used in python for tasks like logging, access control, memoization, and more. in this tutorial, we'll explore the concept of decorators and provide code examples to illustrate their usage.
in python, decorators are functions that wrap other functions or methods to add functionality to them. they are applied using the "@" symbol followed by the decorator function's name. decorators are often used to keep the code dry (don't repeat yourself) by separating the concerns of different aspects of functionality.
let's start with a simple example to understand the basic syntax and usage of decorators. suppose you want to log information about when a function is called.
in this example, we have created a decorator function called log_function_call. it takes a function func as its argument and returns a new function wrapper. inside the wrapper function, we log information before and after calling the original function func. when we apply the @log_function_call decorator to the add function, it modifies the behavior of add to log its calls.
when we call add(5, 3), it logs:
decorators can also accept arguments. let's create a decorator that can be configured to log different types of messages.
in this example, we have created a decorator log_message that takes a message as an argument. we then use @log_message("info") and @log_message("error") to apply the decorator with different messages to the multiply and divide functions.
when we call these functions, they log messages accordingly:
you can apply multiple decorators to a single function by stacking them using the "@" symbol.
in this example, we've defined two decorators, uppercase and exclamation. by applying them to the greet function, we first convert the greeting to uppercase and then add an exclamation mark. the result of calling greet("alice") will be "hello, ...