PLSQL Introduction || Hello World Program using SQL Code

PLSQL Introduction || Hello World Program using SQL Code
PL/SQL
❏ PL/SQL stands for Procedural Language/Structured Query Language.
❏ It is a powerful extension of SQL (Structured Query Language).
❏ It is used for creating, managing, and executing procedural programs within an Oracle database environment.
❏ PL/SQL is not a case sensitive language.
❏ It combines the capabilities of SQL for database querying and manipulation with the control structures of a procedural programming language.
❏ It allows you to create procedures, functions, packages, triggers, and other programmatic constructs that can be stored and executed directly within the database.
Features of PL/SQL
• Portable:PL/SQL applications can be executed with all types of operating system where we have oracle installed.
• Efficient:All sorts of calculations can be efficiently performed by PL/SQL without the use of oracle engine. This improves transaction performance.
• Procedural Constructs: PL/SQL supports conditional statements (IF-THEN-ELSE), loops (FOR, WHILE), and exception handling (TRY-CATCH) to create structured programming logic.
• Modularity: You can group related PL/SQL code into reusable blocks called procedures and functions, making code management and maintenance easier.
• Error Handling: You can handle exceptions and errors gracefully using exception handlers to ensure your code's robustness.
• DECLARE:
Variables and constants are declared, initialized within this section.
• BEGIN/Executable Section
It starts with the keyword BEGIN and ends with END. this is the section where the program logic is written to perform any task. The programmatic constructs like loops, conditional statements and SQL statements form the part of Executable section.
• EXCEPTION
Exception section of a PL/SQL block starts with the keyword EXCEPTION. Any errors in the program can be handled in this section, so that the PL/SQL block terminates gracefully.

Some points to remember

• BEGIN block and END; keyword are compulsory, and other two block DECLARE and EXCEPTION are optional block.
• PL/SQL statement ends with semicolon (;).
• END; is not a block only keyword to end of PL/SQL program.
• PL/SQL block structure follows divide¬ and ¬conquer approach to solve the problem stepwise.